sturtevant



3 Sheets-Sheet 1'.

B'. F. STURTEVANT.- HEATING ANI) VENTILATING APPARATUS.

No. 100,211. Patented Feb. 22, 1870;

m: NORRIS Prrsas co, Puma-Limo; WAsnlNcrmN. a c.

3 SheetsSheet 2.

B. F. STURTEVANT,., HEATING AND VBNTILATING APPARATUS.

No. 100,211. Patented Feb. 22, 1870.

m: Non'ms PETERS co, PnoTo-Lrmd. wuumo'rom D c.

3 Sheets-Sheet 8.

B. P. STURTEVANT. HEATING ANDVENTILATING APPARATUS.

No.100,211. Patented Feb. 22,1870.

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Letters Patent No. 100,211, dated February 22, 1870.

HEATING- AND VEN TIIiATIN G APPARATUS.

The Schedule refemd to l-n tinsel-otters Patent and maliing part of the same.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, B. F. s'mmsvrm, of Jamaica Plain, in the county of Norfolk,- and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Heating and Ventilating Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the fo lowing, taken idconnection with the drawings which accompany and form part of this specification, is adescription of my invention. suflicient to enable those skilled in the art to pnrcticcit.

1n tlrisinvention I make nseoffuel to generate steam, to upemte through a suitable steam engine to produce motion, which is utilized in nrovingair which absorbs the heat escaping in the volatile'piiirluchs of courbustiou'and iir the exhaust steam, and which conveys the caloric so absorbed to anydesired location, the power: developed by the combustion of the fuel being also emphryed to the extent necessary to return the water ot'condensation to the boiler, to be again evaporatcd and used as before.

In some cases 1 use a. part of the force generated by the cornbustionot' fuel to licat watcnfor domesticor nrauulact'uring purposes, and also to raise it from one level to a higher one.

The drawings show, in Figures 1 and 2, two oppo, posite elevations of an; apparatus embodying my invention.

In figures 3 and 4, two opposite end elevations and In Figure .5, a plan of said apparz rtus.

Tire boiler may be of any known type; that shown in the drawings at a is designed to be of the vertical nrultitubular variety, h. ving its tire door at b. The steam generated in the boiler is conveyed to any suitable engine by a pipe, 0, the engine shown .in thedrawings being of the direct-action vertical variety, with its fly and driving wheel d above the cylinder.

Tire engine is rrrade to put in motion any kind ot'an air motor, the kind shown in the drawings being one of my well-known centrifugal or rotary blowers e, the shalt of which is rotated by a belt,f, trom the wheel d.

'1 he arrangement ot'thc blower asshown in the drawings. is suclr,1hat when in operation, it draws or sucks air through the inlet g, or through the series of inlets it, through the case 1', (which surrounds a series of lines through which the volatile products of corrrbrrstiorr r'rss ofi'tbrough the outlet j to-a chimney or other escape duct,) through pipe 7:, to alrd through a seriesot' pipes contained in case I, through pipe at, to the blower irrlct, and thence they are forced by the fan-wheel in the blower through any one or all of the distributingpipes 11.

The exhaust steam from the engine passes through the pipe 0 into the case I, around the tubes therein, through which the air passes to the fan, and is condensed by the absorption of its heat, by the air, the water of condensation flowing from case lthrough pipe 1) into a. similar case, q, andaround tubes therein, the ends of which enter-spaces between the tube sheets of case'q and bonnets '1, to each of whichare connected pipes, one of which, 3, leads to an elevated reservoir firnwater, and the other of which, t, leads from said reservoir in such a'rnanuer that a circulation of water will ire-established by the ascent'ot' the water heated in the-pipes contained in case q, by the hot water of condensation from case i, and by the descent of cold r'vnter from the reservoir. From the lowest part of case q the condensediwa'terg and what steam may be left: uircondensed are drawn -otf through pipe 1!. by pump 10, worked by the engine by which the water isreturned through pipe etc the boiler, to be again converted into steam, to again .act as before described. I

The combustion of fuel in the boiler is urged by a current; of air taken from the blower through suit-able ducts, and discharged into theash-pit below the grate, said duct being shown indotted lines in figs. 3 and 5. The area of the passage through the duct supplying air to promote combustion is controlled by a. valve worked by an apparatus that closes the valve more or less as the pressure of steam increases, and opens the valve'as the pressure of steamdim'inishes. Sard apparatus consists of a pipe, :0, connected with the water in the boiler, preferably where the water is coolest.

The upper part of this pi pc is enlarged, and contains a diaphragm, which operates a. lever, z, pivoted at 3 the long arm of the lever being connected to the valve which controls the passage by which air is supplied to the tuel. Tire short arm of the lever is coupled to a spring, a, one end of which attached to an arm, I), which is made adjustable on pipe 1, so thatthe degree of tension of the spring may be regulated at will to control the amount of air to be supplied to the fuel.

It; will be seen that as the pressure in the boiler irrcreases, the short; arrrr of the lever will be raised by the diaphragm, which will extend spring a, and will lower the long arm of lever 2, which will cause the long arnr of lever z to lower the valve thereto attached. and will shut oft more or less of the supply oi' air which urges combustion, which, of course will result in check ing the fire and the generation ot'steam. As the press ore of steam diminishes, the contraction of spring a will cause the air-valve to open, which will result in intensifying combustion and in increasing the generation of the steam.

By turning the handle 0, fig. 5, a valve is worked to shut ofl'frmu case 'i the supply of air from the inlets g or b. The inlet 9 is 'used when pure fresh air is needed, and the inlets it. lead from the spaces supplied with lrcated air from the outlets n.

Suppose the boiler suflicicntly filled wit-h water, and steam generated therein by consumption ot' 'fuel in the furnace to a pressure sufficient to work the engine and blower connected therewith, then the air will begin to flow through inlet 9 or inlets h, mecording to the position' (.i' the valve controlled by the handle 0', and the heat of the escaping volatile products of combustion will he transferred to the passing current of air, which on its passage will also absorb the heat of the steam exhausted from the engine, and will pass with the air forcedout l'rom the outlets n to he applied for wanning and ventilating, or for any other useful purpose, a part of the air acted on by theblower passing to urge combustion of the fuel, and the water resulting frbmcondensation of the steam passing back to the boiler, so that all the attention needed tbrthexapparatus is to keep itproperly supplied frorn time to time with fuel, and to keep the. t'rietional surfaces lubricated and the pan-kings from leaking.

It will be obvious that the position or arrangement of the blower may be changed so as to force the air into the case i, and all parts beyond, instead of drawing it through said case and the case I, as before described, and it will also be obvious that the case 1, instead of being supplied with horizontal air-pipes as described, may be'snpplied with vertical steam pipes, aml then the air will pass around said pipes and within the case. And in the water-heaterthe hot water and uncondensed steam may he niade to pass'through vertical pipes instead of around horizontal pipes.

in some heat in g apparatus one boiler supplies steam radiators with steam, which, asit condenses flows back into the boiler by gravity, without the intervention of a pump, amialso an engine, which works a blower to force air ovrr'the radiators to.be heated and conveyed to the space to he warmed; but in such cases the exhaust from the engine escapes to waste, and the water: whit-h is carried otf by the steam hasto be supplied by additional water.

In my invention, on the contrary,.I use no direct steam for heating, but do use all the eshaust steam, which, when it has partedwith its heat, is returned to the boiler hy-apump, so that I use the same water again and again, and 'would have to supply no additional water it it were possible to prevent all leakage at joints, shitting-boxes, 850.

In my invention, also, 1 reclaim and utilize as much as possible of the heat escaping in the volatile products ofcombustion, and supply any deficiency o draught by a. positive blast from ahlower.

To obtain the ,minimum of heat and the maximum of ventilation, and the maximum of heat and minimum of ventilation, thevalve controlled by the handle a and the adjustment of spring a are to be varied to suit the requirements of the case.

To vary the speed of the engine, a valve may be placed in the pipe which supplies-the steam-to the cylinder, or a. cut-off, which may be adjusted to any desired point, may be applied to the engine.

Under some circumstances the engine of this apparatus will be worked under a heavy back pressure; for example, if it is desired to give intense heat to the air currents set in motion, then the engine and blower should be run slowly, and fuel supplied to generate steam at high pressure in the hoilerz, The air snp= plied by the condenser will then not sutfice to condense the-exhaust steam rapidly, aml the exhaust steam will accumulate in the condensing apparatus till its pressthe exhaust steam umler said circumstances heating the air currents about as they are usually heated by 'steam' taken directly from the boiler.

I claim- For producing and heating currents of air, thecombination of a boiler, engine, blower,exhaust-steamboadensing apparatus, (operating to condense hy the air set in motion hy the blower,) and pump, or other snitahle device for returning the condensed water to the boiler.

Also, in combination with the elements first claimed, an apparatus for extracting and utilizing the heat escaping in the volatile products oi'combnstion.

Also, in combination with the elenu-nt-s first claimed, the series of distributing-pipes a, leading from the blower.

Also, in combination with the elements first claimed, the series of collecting or return pipes h leading to the blower.

Also, the combination of one or more return pipes w h, and one or more delivery-pipes h, with a cold-air inlet-pipe, g, and-a valve or equivalent device for regulating the proportion of fresh air to be heated and circulated.

Also, the arrangement of the water heater between the condenser aml the pump, substantially as and for the purpose described.

B. F. STURTEVANT. Witnesses:

J. 'B. CnosBr, O. WAuuux Bnowx.

ure equals a large fraction of the pressure in the boiler, 

